Pengaruh Metode Montessori dan Metode SAS dalam Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan: Studi Eksperimental di SDIT Azzahrah Gowa
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Montessori method with movable alphabet media and the SAS method with word cards in improving early reading skills among first-grade students at SDIT Azzahrah Gowa. The research design used was a quasi-experimental design with two experimental groups. The first group used the Montessori method with movable alphabet media, while the second group used the SAS method with word cards. Data were collected through pretest and posttest assessments, which measured early reading skills, including letter recognition, letter sounds, word reading, phonological awareness, and sentence reading. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to calculate means, standard deviations, and data distribution, and independent t-tests were used to examine significant differences between the two experimental groups. The results of the study indicated that the Montessori method was more effective than the SAS method. The Montessori group showed a significant improvement with an average posttest score of 89.67, while the SAS group achieved an average posttest score of 82.73. A comparison of pretest and posttest results revealed that both methods had a significant impact on students' reading skills, but the Montessori method produced more stable and consistent results. These findings suggest that the multisensory learning approach used in the Montessori method was more effective in improving early reading skills compared to the more structured SAS method. This study contributes to the development of more effective early reading teaching methods in elementary education.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keefektifan metode Montessori dengan media alfabet bergerak dan metode SAS dengan kartu kata dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada siswa kelas 1 SDIT Azzahrah Gowa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu dengan dua kelompok eksperimen. Kelompok pertama menggunakan metode Montessori dengan media alfabet bergerak, sementara kelompok kedua menggunakan metode SAS dengan kartu kata. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes pretest dan posttest yang mengukur kemampuan membaca permulaan, termasuk pengenalan huruf, bunyi huruf, membaca kata, kesadaran fonologis, dan membaca kalimat. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk menggambarkan rata-rata, standar deviasi, dan distribusi data, serta uji t-sampel independen untuk menguji perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Montessori lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode SAS. Kelompok Montessori mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dengan rata-rata skor posttest 89,67, sedangkan kelompok SAS memperoleh rata-rata skor 82,73. Perbandingan hasil pretest dan posttest menunjukkan bahwa kedua metode tersebut memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan membaca siswa, namun metode Montessori memberikan dampak yang lebih stabil dan konsisten. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pembelajaran multisensori yang diterapkan dalam metode Montessori mampu meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metode yang lebih terstruktur seperti SAS. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan metode pembelajaran membaca yang lebih efektif di tingkat pendidikan dasar.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/bahasa.v7i1.1237
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